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SYLLABUS

Unit-I

Basic Principles of Cell injury and Adaptation Introduction, definitions, homeostasis, components and types of feedback systems, causes of cellular injury, pathogenesis (cell membrane damage, mitochondrial damage, ribosome damage, nuclear damage), morphology of cell injury : Adaptive changes (atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia), cell swelling, intra cellular accumulation, calcification, enzyme leakage and cell death, acidosis and alkalosis, electrolyte imbalance. Basic Mechanism Involved in the Process of Inflammation and Repair: Introduction, clinical signs of inflammation, different types of inflammation, mechanism of inflammation : alteration in vascular permeability and blood flow, migration of WBCs, mediators of inflammation, basic principles of wound healing in the skin, pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.

Unit-II

Cardiovascular System: Hypertension, congestive heart failure, ischaemic heart disease (angina,myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis) • Respiratory System: Asthma, Chronic obstructive airways diseases • Renal System: Acute and chronic renal failure.

Unit-III

Haematological Diseases: Iron deficiency, megaloblastic anaemia (Vit B12 and folic acid), sickle cell anaemia, thalassaemia, hereditary acquired anaemia, haemophilia. • Endocrine System: Diabetes, thyroid diseases, disorders of sex hormones • Nervous System: Epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, psychiatric disorders: depression, schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease • Gastrointestinal System: Peptic Ulcer.

Unit-IV

Inflammatory bowel diseases, jaundice, hepatitis (A,B,C,D,E,F), alcoholic liver disease

• Disease of Bones and Joints: Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis and gout

• Principles of Cancer: Classification, etiology and pathogenesis of cancer.

Unit-V

• Infectious Diseases: Meningitis, typhoid, leprosy, tuberculosis, urinary tract infections

• Sexually Transmitted Diseases: AIDS, syphilis, gonorrhoea.