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UNIT-1
AMPLITUDE MODULATION: Introduction to communication system, Need for modulation, Frequency Division Multiplexing , Amplitude Modulation, Definition, Time domain and frequency domain description, single tone modulation,
power relations in AM waves, Generation of AM waves, square law Modulator, Switching modulator, Detection of AM
Waves; Square law detector, Envelope detector.
UNIT-2
DSB & SSB MODULATION: Double side band suppressed carrier modulators, time domain and frequency domain
description, Generation of DSBSC Waves, Balanced Modulators, Ring Modulator, Coherent detection of DSB-SC
Modulated waves, COSTAS Loop. Frequency domain description, Frequency discrimination method for generation
of AM SSB Modulated Wave, Time domain description, Phase discrimination method for generating AM SSB Modulated waves. Demodulation of SSB Waves, Vestigial side band modulation: Frequency description, Generation of
VSB Modulated wave, Time domain description, Envelope detection of a VSB Wave pulse Carrier, Comparison of
AM Techniques, Applications of different AM Systems,FDM.
UNIT-3
ANGLE MODULATION: Basic concepts, Frequency Modulation: Single tone frequency modulation, Spectrum Analysis
of Sinusoidal FM Wave, Narrow band FM, Wide band FM, Constant Average Power, Transmission bandwidth of FM
Wave - Generation of FM Waves, Detection of FM Waves: Balanced Frequency discriminator, Zero crossing detector,
Phase locked loop. Comparison of FM & AM.
UNIT-4
TRANSMITTERS & RECEIVERS: RADIO TRANSMITTER: Classification of Transmitter, AM Transmitter, Effect of
feedback on performance of AM Transmitter, FM Transmitter – Variable reactance type and phase modulated FM
Transmitter, frequency stability in FM Transmitter. Radio Receiver - Receiver Types - Tuned radio frequency receiver,
Super hetro dyne receiver, RF section and Characteristics - Frequency changing and tracking, Intermediate frequency,
AGC, FM Receiver, Comparison with AM Receiver, Amplitude limiting. Communication Receivers, extensions of super
heterodyne principle and additional circuits.
UNIT-5
NOISE: Review of noise and noise sources, noise figure, Noise in Analog communication Systems, Noise in DSB&
SSB System, Noise in AM System, Noise in Angle Modulation Systems, Threshold effect in Angle Modulation System,
Pre-emphasis & de-emphasis.
PULSE MODULATION: Types of Pulse modulation, PAM (Single polarity, double polarity) PWM: Generation & demodulation of PWM, PPM, Generation and demodulation of PPM, Time Division Multiplexing, TDM Vs FDM