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UNIT-I
HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATIONS
Selection of site, general layout of a hydroelectric power plant with brief description of major components and
principle of operation.
THERMAL POWER STATIONS
Selection of site, general layout of a thermal power plant. Brief description of components: boilers, super heaters,
economizers and electrostatic precipitators, steam turbines: impulse and reaction turbines, condensers, feed
water circuit, cooling towers and chimney.
UNIT-II
NUCLEAR POWER STATIONS
Location of nuclear power plant, working principle, nuclear fission, nuclear fuels, nuclear chain reaction, nuclear
reactor components: moderators, control rods, reflectors and coolants, types of nuclear reactors and brief
description of PWR, BWR and FBR. Radiation: radiation hazards and shielding, nuclear waste disposal.
UNIT-III
CLASSIFICATION OF AIR AND GAS INSULATED SUBSTATIONS
Air Insulated Substations – Indoor and outdoor substations, substations layouts of 33/11 kV showing the
location of all the substation equipment.
Bus bar arrangements in the sub-stations: simple arrangements like single bus bar, sectionalized single bus
bar, double bus bar with one and two circuit breakers, main and transfer bus bar system with relevant diagrams.
Gas Insulated Substations (GIS) – Advantages of gas insulated substations, constructional aspects of GIS,
installation and maintenance of GIS, comparison of air insulated substations and gas insulated substations.
UNIT-IV
UNDERGROUND CABLES
Types of cables, construction, types of insulating materials, calculation of insulation resistance, stress in
insulation and power factor of cable.
Capacitance of single and 3-Core belted Cables. Grading of cables: capacitance grading and Intersheath grading.
UNIT-V
ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF POWER GENERATION AND TARIFF
Economic Aspects – Load curve, load duration and integrated load duration curves, discussion on
economic aspects: connected load, maximum demand, demand factor, load factor, diversity factor, plant
capacity factor and plant use factor, base and peak load plants.
Tariff Methods – Costs of generation and their division into fixed, semi-fixed and running costs, desirable
characteristics of a tariff method, tariff methods: simple rate, flat rate, block-rate, two-part, three-part, and
power factor tariff methods.