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SYLLABUS

UNIT-I

1. Tissue Culture: Introduction, sterilization procedures, explants, culture media - composition and preparation; Micropropagation. 2. Organ Culture: Vegetative organs-root, shoot, leaf culture. Reproductive organs-anther, ovary, ovule and embryo culture. 3. Callus Culture: Cell and protoplast culture. 4. Somatic hybrids and cybrids.

UNIT-II

5. Applications of Tissue Culture: Production of pathogen free plants and somaclonal variants, production of stress resistance plants, secondary metabolites and synthetic seeds. 6. Induction of hairy roots and its applications in production of secondary metabolites. 7. Biotechnology: Introduction, history, scope and applications. 8. rDNA Technology: Basic aspect of gene cloning, Enzymes used in gene cloning-restriction enzymes, ligases, polymerases.

UNIT-III

9. Gene Cloning: Vectors, cloning vehicles (Plasmid, cosmids, bacteriophages & phasmids) application of rDNA technology. 10. Gene Libraries: Genomic libraries, cDNA libraries, Polymerase chain reaction and its applications. 11. Method of gene transfer in plants (Agrobacterium and Microprojectile). 12. Production of transgenic plants, application of transgenics in crop improvement, Bt-Cotton and brinjal.