Verify Account

UNIT-I
Introduction: Concept of watershed development, objectives of watershed development, need for
watershed development, Characteristics of Watersheds: Size, shape, physiography, slope, climate, drainage,
land use, vegetation, geology and soils, hydrology and hydrogeology, socio-economic characteristics.
UNIT-II
Principles of Erosion: Types and causes of erosion, factors affecting erosion, estimation of soil loss
due to erosion- Universal soil loss equation. Measures to Control Erosion: Contour techniques, ploughing,
furrowing, trenching, bunding, terracing, gully control, check dams, rock-fill dams, brushwood dam, Gabion.
UNIT-III
Water Harvesting: Techniques of rain water harvesting- rain water harvesting from roof top, surface
flow harvesting, subsurface flow harvesting, stop dams, farm ponds and dugout ponds, percolation tanks.
UNIT-IV
Land Management: Land use and Land capability classification, management of forest, agricultural,
grassland and wild land, land grading operation, Reclamation of saline and alkaline soils.
UNIT-V
Watershed Modelling: Data of watershed for modelling, application and comparison of watershed
models, model calibration and validation, advances of watershed models. Integrated and multidisciplinary
approach for watershed management.