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Herbs as Raw Materials:
Definition of herb, herbal medicine, herbal medicinal product, herbal drug preparation. Source of herbs; selection, identification and authentication of herbal materials, processing of herbal raw material.
Biodynamic Agriculture:
Good agricultural practices in cultivation of medicinal plants including organic farming. Pest and pest management in medicinal plants: Biopesticides/Bioinsecticides.
Indian Systems of Medicine:
(a) Basic principles involved in Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathy.
(b) Preparation and standardization of Ayurvedic formulations viz Aristas, Asawas, Ghutika, Churna, Lehya and Bhasma.

Nutraceuticals:
General aspects, market, growth, scope and types of products available in the market. Health benefits and role of nutraceuticals in ailments like diabetes, CVS diseases, cancer, irritable bowel syndrome and various gastrointestinal diseases.
Study of following herbs as health food: Alfa alfa, chicory, ginger, fenugreek, garlic, honey, amla, ginseng, ashwagandha, spirulina.
Herb-Drug and Herb-Food Interactions:
General introduction to interactions and classification. Study of following drugs and their possible side effects and interactions: Hypericum, kava-kava, Gingko biloba, ginseng, garlic, pepper and ephedra.

Herbal Cosmetics:
Sources and description of raw materials of herbal origin used via, fixed oils, waxes, gums, colours, perfumes, protective agents, bleaching agents, antioxidants in products such as skin care, hair care and oral hygiene products.
Herbal Excipients:
Herbal Excipients - Significance of substances of natural origin as excipients - colourants, sweeteners, binders, diluents, viscosity builders, disintegrants, flavours and perfumes.
Herbal Formulations:
Conventional herbal formulations like syrups, mixtures and tablets and novel dosage forms like phytosomes.

Evaluation of Drugs:
WHO & ICH guidelines for the assessment of herbal drugs, stability testing of herbal drugs. Patenting and Regulatory Requirements of Natural Products
(a) Definition of the terms: Patent, IPRs, farmer’s right, breeder’s right, bioprospecting and biopiracy.
(b) Patenting aspects of traditional knowledge and natural products. Case study of curcuma and neem.
Regulatory Issues:
Regulations in India (ASU DTAB, ASU DCC), Regulation of manufacture of ASU drugs - Schedule Z of Drugs and Cosmetics Act for ASU drugs.

General Introduction to Herbal Industry:
Herbal Drugs Industry: Present scope and future prospects. A brief account of plant based industries and institutions involved in work on medicinal and aromatic plants in India.
Schedule T-Good Manufacturing Practice of Indian Systems of Medicine:
Components of GMP (Schedule T) and its objectives Infrastructural requirements, working space, storage area, machinery and equipments, standard operating procedures, health and hygiene, documentation and records.