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SYLLABUS

Unit-I

Historical Background and Development of Profession of Pharmacy: History of profession of pharmacy in India in relation to pharmacy education, industry and organization, pharmacy as a career, pharmacopoeias: Introduction to IP, BP, USP and Extra Pharmacopoeia. Dosage Forms: Introduction to dosage forms, classification and definitions. Prescription: Definition, parts of prescription, handling of prescription and errors in prescription. Posology: Definition, factors affecting posology. Pediatric dose calculations based on age, body weight and body surface area.

Unit-II

Pharmaceutical Calculations: Weights and measures - imperial & metric system, calculations involving percentage solutions, alligation, proof spirit and isotonic solutions based on freezing point and molecular weight. Powders: Definition, classification, advantages and disadvantages, simple & compound powders - official preparations, dusting powders, effervescent, efflorescent and hygroscopic powders, eutectic mixtures. Geometric dilutions. Liquid Dosage Forms: Advantages and disadvantages of liquid dosage forms. Excipients used in formulation of liquid dosage forms. Solubility enhancement techniques.

Unit-III

Monophasic Liquids: Definitions and preparations of gargles, mouthwashes, throat paint, ear drops, nasal drops, enemas, syrups, elixirs, liniments and lotions. Biphasic Liquids Suspensions: Definition, advantages and disadvantages, classification, preparation of suspensions; flocculated and deflocculated suspensions & stability problems and methods to overcome. Emulsions: Definition, classification, emulsifying agent, tests for the identification of type of emulsion, methods of preparation & stability problems and methods to overcome.

Unit-IV

Suppositories: Definition, types, advantages and disadvantages, types of bases, methods of preparations. Displacement value & its calculations, evaluation of suppositories. Pharmaceutical Incompatibilities: Definition, classification, physical, chemical and therapeutic incompatibilities with examples.

Unit-V

Semisolid Dosage Forms: Definitions, classification, mechanisms and factors influencing dermal penetration of drugs. Preparation of ointments, pastes, creams and gels. Excipients used in semisolid dosage forms. Evaluation of semisolid dosages forms.