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SYLLABUS

Unit-I

Introduction: Language Processors, The Structure of a Compiler, The Science of Building a Compiler. Lexical Analysis: The Role of the Lexical Analyzer, Input Buffering, Specification of Tokens, Recognition of Tokens, The Lexical Analyzer Generator Lex, Design of a Lexical Analyzer Generator.

Unit-II

Syntax Analysis: Introduction, Context Free Grammars, Writing a Grammar, TOP-down Parsing, Bottom-up Parsing, Introduction to LR Parsing: Simple LR, More Powerful LR Parsers, Using Ambiguous Grammars, Parser Generators.

Unit-III

Syntax Directed Translation: Syntax Directed Definitions, Evaluation Orders for SDD's, Application of SDT, SDT Schemes, Implementing L-attribute SDD‘s. Intermediate Code Generation: Variants of Syntax Trees, Three Address Code, Types and Declarations, Translations of Expressions, Type Checking, Control Flow Statements, Backpatching, Switch Statements, Intermediate Code for Procedure.

Unit-IV

Run Time Environment : Storage Organization, Stack Allocation of Space, Access to Non-local Data on Stack , Heap Management. Symbol Table: Introduction, Symbol Table Entries, Operations on the Symbol Table, Symbol Table Organizations, Non Block Structured Language, Block Structured Language.

Unit-V

Code Generation: Issues in the Design of a Code Generator, The Target Language, Basic Blocks and Flow Graphs, Optimization of Basic Blocks, a Simple Code Generator, Register Allocation and Assignment, Optimal Code Generation for Expressions, Dynamic Programming Code Generation. Code Optimization: Introduction, Where and How to Optimize, Principle Source of Optimization, Function Preserving Transformations, Loop Optimizations, Global Flow Analysis, Machine Dependent Optimization.