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SYLLABUS

UNIT-I

Introduction: Importance and Necessity of Protected Water Supply Systems, Objectives of Protected Water Supply System, Flow Chart of Public Water Supply System, Role of Environmental Engineer. Water Demand and Quantity Studies: Estimation of Water Demand for a Town or City, Types of Water Demands, Per Capita Demand, Factors affecting the Per Capita Demand, Variations in the Demand, Design Period, Factors affecting the Design Period, Population Studies, Population Forecasting Studies. Quality and Analysis of Water: Characteristics of Water – Physical, Chemical and Biological. Analysis of Water – Physical, Chemical and Biological. Impurities in Water, Water Borne Diseases. Drinking Water Quality Standards.

UNIT-II

Water Treatment: Layout and General Outline of Water Treatment Units – Sedimentation – Principles – Design Factors – Coagulation-flocculation Clarifier Design – Coagulants – Feeding Arrangements. Filtration and Chlorination: Filtration – Theory – Working of Slow and Rapid Gravity Filters – Multimedia Filters – Design of Filters – Troubles in Operation Comparison of Filters – Disinfection – Theory of Chlorination, Chlorine Demand, Other Disinfection Practices – Miscellaneous Treatment Methods Water Distribution: Distribution Systems – Requirements, Layout of Water Distribution Systems - Design Procedures – Hardy Cross and Equivalent Pipe Methods service Reservoirs – Joints, Valves such as Sluice Valves, Air Valves, Scour Valves and Check Valves Water Meters – Laying and Testing of Pipe Lines – Pump House, Waste Detection and Prevention.

UNIT-III

Introduction to Sanitation: Systems of Sanitation – Relative Merits and Demerits – Collection and Conveyance of Waste Water – Sewerage – Classification of Sewerage Systems – Estimation of Sewage Flow and Storm Water Drainage – Fluctuations – Types of Sewers – Hydraulics of Sewers and Storm Drains – Design of Sewers – Materials for Sewers – Appurtenances in Sewerage – Cleaning and Ventilation of Sewers. Waste Water Collection and Characteristics: Conservancy and Water Carriage Systems – Sewage and Storm Water Estimation – Time of Concentration – Storm Water Overflows Combined Flow – Characteristics of Sewage – Cycles of Decay – Decomposition of Sewage, Examination of Sewage – B.O.D. – C.O.D. Equations.

UNIT-IV

Waste Water Treatment: Layout and General Out Line of Various Units in a Waste Water Treatment Plant – Primary Treatment: Design of Screens – Grit Chambers – Skimming Tanks – Sedimentation Tanks – Principles of Design – Biological Treatment – Trickling Filters – Standard and High Rate – Construction and Design of Oxidation Ponds. Sludge Treatment: Sludge Digestion – Factors Effecting – Design of Digestion Tank – Sludge Disposal by Drying – Septic Tanks and Imhoff Tanks, Working Principles and Design – Soak Pits.

UNIT-V

Solid Waste Management: Characteristics, Generation, Collection and Transportation of Solid Wastes, Engineered Systems for Solid Waste Management (Reuse/Recycle, Energy Recovery, Treatment and Disposal). Air Pollution: Types of Pollutants, Their Sources and Impacts, Air Pollution Meteorology, Air Pollution Control, Air Quality Standards and Limits. Noise Pollution: Impacts of Noise, Permissible Limits of Noise Pollution, Measurement of Noise and Control of Noise Pollution.