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SYLLABUS

UNIT-I

Introduction Groundwater in the hydrologic cycle, Groundwater occurrence, Aquifer parameters and their determination, General groundwater flow equation. Well Hydraulics Steady radial flow and unsteady radial flow to a well in confined and unconfined aquifers, Theis solution, Jocob and Chow’s methods, Leaky aquifers.

UNIT-II

Well Design Water well desgin-well diameter, Well depth, Well screen-screen length, Slot size, Screen diameter and screen selection, Design of collector wells, Infiltration gallery.

UNIT-III

Well Construction and Development Water wells, Drilling methods-rotary drilling, Percussion drilling, Well construction-installation of well screens-pull-back method, Open-hole, Bail-down and wash-down methods, Well development-mechanical surging using compressed air, High velocity jetting of water, Over pumping and back washing, Well completion, Well disinfection, Well maintenance.

UNIT-IV

Artificial Recharge Concept of artificial recharge of groundwater, Recharge methods-basin, Stream-channel, Ditch and furrow, Flooding and recharge well methods, Recharge mounds and induced recharge. Saline Water Intrusion Occurrence of saline water intrusion, Ghyben-Herzberg relation, Shape of interface, Control of saline water intrusion.

UNIT-V

Geophysics Surface methods of exploration of groundwater – Electrical resistivity and seismic refraction methods, Sub-surface methods – Geophysical logging and resistivity logging. Aerial photogrammetry applications.

UNIT-VI

Groundwater Modelling and Management Basic principles of groundwater modelling – Analog models-viscous fluid models and membrane models, Digital models-finite difference and finite element models. Concepts of groundwater management, Basin management by conjunctive use-case studies.