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SYLLABUS

UNIT-I

Introduction to Optical Fibers Evolution of fiber optic system – Element of an optical fiber transmission link – Ray optics – Optical fiber modes and configurations – Mode theory of circular wave guides – Overview of modes – Key modal concepts – Linearly polarized modes – Single Mode fibers-Graded Index fiber structure.

UNIT-II

Signal Degradation IN Optical fibers Attenuation – Absorption losses, Scattering losses, Bending losses, Core and cladding losses, Signal distortion in optical wave guides – Information capacity determination – Group delay – Material dispersion, Wave guide dispersion, Signal distortion in SM fibers – Polarization mode dispersion, Intermodal dispersion, Pulse broadening in GI fibers-Mode coupling – Design optimization of SM fibers-RI profile and cut-off wavelength.

UNIT-III

Fiber Optical Sources and Coupling Direct and indirect band gap materials – LED structures – Light source materials – Quantum efficiency and LED power, Modulation of a LED, Lasers diodes – Modes and threshold condition – Rate equations – External quantum efficiency – Resonant frequencies – Temperature effects, Introduction to quantum laser, Source-to-fiber power launching, Lensing schemes, Fiber-to-fiber joints, Fiber splicing.

UNIT-IV

Fiber Optical Receivers PIN and APD diodes – Photo detector noise, SNR, Detector response time, Avalanche multiplication Noise – Comparison of photo detectors – Fundamental receiver operation – Preamplifiers, Error sources – Receiver configuration – Probability of error – Quantum limit.

UNIT-V

System Design and Applications Design of Analog Systems: System specification, Power budget, Bandwidth budget Design of Digital Systems: System specification, Rise time budget, Power budget, Receiver sensitivity.