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SYLLABUS

UNIT-1

Introduction and Terminology Diseases Common diseases, infective diseases–insect borne, air-borne, water-borne and hereditary diseases. Terminology in Medicinal Chemistry Drug, Pharmacology, Pharmacophore, Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, metabolites, anti metabolites and therapeutic index. Drugs Nomenclature: Chemical name, Generic name and Trade names with examples; Classification: Classification based on structures and therapeutic activity with examples. ADME (a) Absorption: Definition, absorption of drugs across the membrane–active and passive absorption, routes of administration of drugs. (b) Distribution: definition and effect of plasma protein binding. (c) Metabolism: definition, phase I and phase II reactions. (d) Elimination: definition and renal elimination

UNIT-2

Enzymes and Receptors Enzymes Introduction. Mechanism and factors affecting enzyme action, Specificity of enzyme action (including stereo specificity), Enzyme inhibitors and their importance. Types of inhibition-reversible, irreversible and their subtypes with examples. Receptors Introduction, Drug action-receptor theory, Mechanism of drug action, concept of agonists and antagonists with examples. Drug receptor interactions involved in drug receptor complex. binding role of –OH group, -NH2 group, quaternary ammonium salts and double bond. Structure–activity relationships of drug molecules, explanation with sulfonamides.

UNIT-3

Synthesis and Therapeutic Activity of Drugs Introduction, synthesis and therapeutic activity of : Chemotherapeutics Sulphanilamide, dapsone, Pencillin-G ( semi synthesis), Chloroquin, Isoniazid, Cisplatin and AZT. Drugs to treat metabolic disorders Anti diabetic-Tolbutamide; Antiinflammatory Ibuprofen; Cardiovascular- Glyceryl trinitrate; Antipyretic (paracetamol, aspirin) and Antacid-Omeprazole. Drugs acting on nervous system Anaesthetics-definition, Classification-local and general. Volatile- Nitrous oxide, chloroform uses and disadvantages. Local anaesthetics – benzocaine.

UNIT-4

Molecular Messengers and Health Promoting Drugs Molecular Messengers Introduction to hormones and neurotransmitters, Thyroid hormones, Antithyroid drug-Carbimazol. Adrenaline: Adrenergic drugs-salbutamol, atenolol. Serotonin: SSRIs-fluoxetine. Dopamine: Antiparkinson drug- Levodopa. Health promoting drugs: Introduction, sources, Deficiency disorders and remedy of Vitamins A,B, C, D, E K and micronutrients – Na, K, Ca, Cu, Zn and I .